19) The function of a dielectric in a capacitor is:
A. To reduce the effective potential on plates.
B. To increase the effective potential on plates.
C. To decrease the capacitance.
D. To reduce the plate area of the capacitor.
Solution:
In a capacitor, a dielectric material is inserted between the plates primarily to increase its capacitance. This happens because the dielectric becomes polarized in the presence of the electric field created by the charges on the plates. The polarization produces an induced field that opposes the original electric field between the plates. As a result, for a given charge, the effective potential difference (voltage) across the plates is reduced.
Therefore, the dielectric effectively reduces the effective potential on the plates, which is why option A is correct.
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